International reserves around the world
How much central banks hold in foreign currency and gold, country by country, with official data and history since 2000.
Reserves of 157 countries
$18.05 trillion
Data for September 2026
Gold held by central banks
32,963 t
≈ 2,658,291 bars of 12.4 kg
Gold price
US$ 4,176
per ounce, end of September 2026
BCRA reserves today
Argentina's gross international reserves, official daily data.
$50.2 billion
October 20, 2026
+US$ 48 M
vs. previous day
+US$ 4,109 M
this month
+US$ 9,106 M
this year
$50.2 billion
October 20, 2026+21.5% vs October 20, 2025
Brazil reserves today (BCB)
$365.0 billion
October 22, 2026
+US$ 292 M
vs. previous day
+US$ 2,139 M
this month
+US$ 6,726 M
this year
See Brazil →
Top 10 countries by reserves
- 1China$3.79T
- 2United States$1.33T
- 3Japan$1.18T
- 4Switzerland$1.12T
- 5India$765B
- 6Russia$737B
- 7Taiwan$664B
- 8Germany$536B
- 9Saudi Arabia$534B
- 10Singapore$457B
Largest gold holders
- 1United States8,134 t
- 2Germany3,349 t
- 3Italy2,452 t
- 4France2,437 t
- 5China2,346 t
- 6Russia2,327 t
- 7Switzerland1,040 t
- 8India881 t
- 9Japan846 t
- 10Türkiye795 t
Latin America
Biggest 12-month gains
Biggest 12-month drops
Explore the data
What are international reserves?
They are the external assets a country's central bank controls and can use immediately: foreign currency (dollars, euros, yuan and others, mostly in bonds and deposits), gold, IMF special drawing rights (SDRs) and the country's reserve position in the IMF. They are used to pay for imports and foreign-currency debt and to support the value of the local currency.
How countries are compared
To compare everyone on the same basis we use IMF data: gross reserves in US dollars with gold at market value. That is why a country's figure may differ slightly from the one its central bank publishes.
Sources →